Calculation

How much do you need to make to afford a $300k house?

To afford a $300,000 house with $60,000 saved, 20% of the price, you need an income of about $104,000 a year at a 6.71% mortgage rate. The payment comes to about $2,425 a month with property tax and insurance, and $33,501 stays in the bank after closing.

Saving 20% of the price does not mean putting 20% down. Of the $60,000, $9,000 goes to closing costs and $31,189 is held back as a reserve, six months of what the house and the rest of life will cost. That reserve is our rule, not a lender's, and it caps the down payment at $19,811. At this income the lender's payment limit is met with $17,499 down, 5.83% of the price, so the other $2,312 stays in the bank as well. Below 20% down a lender adds mortgage insurance, about $200 a month here, and it is inside the payment above.

What sets the salary is the lender's payment test. At $104,000 a year, gross pay is $8,667 a month and this house takes $2,425 of it, 28%, right at the 28% ceiling lenders use. Earn less and that ceiling shrinks the loan a lender will offer, and the cash you have cannot cover the gap.

Savings move the salary more than most people expect. With half the price saved, $150,000, the income needed falls to about $94,000. With 15% saved, $45,000, no income reaches this house: the down payment, closing costs and six-month reserve need more cash than that. A lender might still approve that loan; the reserve is our rule, there so a repair or a lost job does not become a missed payment.

The rate matters too. With $60,000 saved, a 5% mortgage brings the income needed down to about $91,000, and at 7.5% it climbs to about $111,000. The table shows every combination, so you can find the row closest to your own savings.

These figures assume a 30-year mortgage at 6.71%, 1.2% property tax, 0.4% insurance, closing costs of 3%, household spending of 60% of gross income including the rent the house replaces, and no other monthly debt. A car payment or student loan comes straight off the 36% back-end ratio and raises the salary you need. Property tax varies a great deal by state, and it is inside every figure here.

Cash saved vs mortgage rate

Every combination, computed the same way — find your row and your column.

The answer for each cash saved at each mortgage rate
Cash saved5%5.5%6%6.5%6.71%our default7%7.5%
$30,000 (10%)
$45,000 (15%)
$60,000 (20%)$91,000$94,000$98,000$102,000$104,000$106,000$111,000
$90,000 (30%)$88,000$91,000$95,000$99,000$100,000$103,000$106,000
$150,000 (50%)$82,000$86,000$89,000$92,000$94,000$96,000$99,000

Each cell is the lowest salary a lender would need to see for this house. Read down a column to see what more savings is worth: more cash lowers the income needed. A dash means no income gets there with that much saved: the down payment, the closing costs and the six-month reserve we hold back need more cash than the row has. A lender might still approve the loan; the reserve is our rule, not theirs.

Assumptions

Home Price
300000
Cash Saved
60000
Mortgage Rate
6.7%
Mortgage Years
30 yr
Property Tax Rate
1.2%
Closing Cost Rate
3%

Frequently asked

What salary do you need to afford a $300k house?

About $104,000 a year with $60,000 saved, at a 6.71% mortgage rate. With half the price saved it falls to about $94,000.

Does saving 20% mean I can put 20% down?

Not once closing costs and a reserve are counted. Of $60,000, $9,000 goes to closing and $31,189 is held back as a reserve, which caps the down payment at $19,811. This page puts down $17,499, 5.83% of the price, because that is all the lender's payment limit needs at this income.

Is the income for a $300k mortgage the same as for a $300k house?

No. A $300k house with $60,000 saved needs a loan of about $282,501. A $300k mortgage is a bigger loan than that, so it takes a higher income than the figure on this page.

Should I wait for mortgage rates to fall?

At 7.5% the income needed is about $111,000; at 5% it is about $91,000. Saving more lowers it as well, and unlike the rate, that part is in your hands.

What about student loans or a car payment?

They come off the 36% back-end limit, so every $100 a month of other debt takes roughly $100 a month of mortgage payment away, and the salary needed rises to make up for it.

Rightmont runs this against your real income, savings and debts, then shows the year-by-year plan that follows. Model it free.

Model My Decision